understanding of literacy

Ong supported that writing is a technology. "We can now view in better perspective the world of writing in which we live, see better what this world really is, and what functionally literate human beings really are-that is, beings whose thought processes do not grow out of simply natural powers but out of these powers as structured, directly or indirectly, by the technology of writing", he said. Writing helps us do things just like the function of technology. Functionally literate persons only can think all or most things by handwriting or typescript or print, so writing is an indispensable intermedia to those people, to help them express their mind. Compare to writing, oral world is evanescent. "We grasp truth articulately only in events. Articulated truth has no permanence. Full truth is deeper than articulation." For example, a conversation is an event. When the time goes by, it cannot last for a long time. In addition, Plato made four objections to writing, but he put these misgivings about writing into writing. Again, there is how the technology of writing helps broadcast of ideas and brings them into existence.
Gee called literacy as the specialist language and control of a second use of language. He made a distinction between "acquisition" which is acquiring something subconsciously or naturally and "learning" which refer to gain knowledge through teaching. There is an up side and a down side to both that can be expressed as follows: "we are better at what we acquire, but we consciously know more about what we have learned." He pointed out that it renders the common sense understanding of literacy very problematic. Take the notion of a "reading class." What is more, he defined literacy as the specialist language which everyone will face in daily life. For example, a professional class, a card game, or video games. We do not use them as often as our primary language, but they do bring us different kind of knowledge.